Kuang Hsu was the ninth emperor of the Qing Dynasty in China, ruling from 1875 to 1908. He is known for his efforts to modernize China and implement political and social reforms, including the Hundred Days' Reform in 1898. However, his attempts at reform were met with opposition from conservative factions within the Qing court, leading to his eventual house arrest. Kuang Hsu's reign also saw significant challenges, including the First Sino-Japanese War and the Boxer Rebellion. He is remembered as a complex figure who sought to bring about change in a tumultuous period of Chinese history.