Lucius Sergius Catilina, commonly known as Catiline, was a Roman senator and a key figure in the Catiline conspiracy, a plot to overthrow the Roman Republic in 63 BC. He was known for his ambition and his involvement in various scandals and criminal activities. Catiline's conspiracy ultimately failed, and he was killed in battle in 62 BC. His name has since become synonymous with treachery and conspiracy in Roman history.