Aurangzeb was a Mughal emperor who ruled over the Indian subcontinent from 1658 to 1707. He was known for his strict enforcement of Islamic law and his expansion of the Mughal Empire. Aurangzeb's reign was marked by religious intolerance and conflicts with other religious groups, particularly the Hindu population. He is a controversial figure in Indian history, with some viewing him as a strong and capable ruler, while others criticize his policies and actions.