Luigi Pirandello was an Italian playwright, novelist, and short story writer. He is best known for his innovative storytelling techniques and exploration of the complexities of human identity and reality. His works often delve into themes of existentialism, absurdity, and the nature of truth. Pirandello's most famous works include "Six Characters in Search of an Author" and "The Late Mattia Pascal." He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1934 for his significant impact on modern literature.