Louis XIV, also known as Louis the Great or the Sun King, was the King of France from 1643 until his death in 1715. He is known for his long reign, which is the longest of any monarch in European history. Louis XIV is often associated with the absolute monarchy and the lavish Palace of Versailles, which he expanded and transformed into a symbol of his power and wealth. He was a patron of the arts and played a significant role in the cultural and political development of France during his reign.