Victor Hugo was a French poet, novelist, and playwright who lived during the 19th century. He is best known for his novels, including "Les Misérables" and "The Hunchback of Notre-Dame," which have had a significant impact on literature and have been adapted into numerous films and stage productions. Hugo was also a prominent figure in French politics and social activism, advocating for social justice and human rights. His works often explore themes of love, justice, and the human condition, and he is considered one of the greatest writers of the Romantic movement.