Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky was a Russian novelist, philosopher, and journalist who is considered one of the greatest writers in world literature. He is known for his psychological insight, deep exploration of human nature, and profound philosophical ideas. His most famous works include "Crime and Punishment," "The Brothers Karamazov," and "Notes from Underground." Dostoevsky's writing often delves into themes of morality, existentialism, and the human condition, and his influence on literature and philosophy is profound.