Marcus Tullius Cicero was a Roman statesman, orator, and philosopher who lived during the first century BC. He is known for his eloquent speeches and writings, which have had a significant influence on Western thought and rhetoric. Cicero was a prominent figure in Roman politics, serving as consul and playing a key role in the downfall of the Roman Republic. He is also remembered for his philosophical works, particularly on topics such as ethics, politics, and the nature of the universe. Cicero's impact on the development of Western civilization is profound, and his writings continue to be studied and admired to this day.