Jean-Jacques Rousseau was an influential Genevan philosopher, writer, and composer of the 18th century. He is best known for his work in political philosophy, particularly his ideas on the social contract and the concept of the "noble savage." Rousseau's writings had a significant impact on the development of modern political and educational thought, and he is considered one of the key figures of the Enlightenment. His most famous works include "The Social Contract" and "Emile, or On Education." Rousseau's ideas continue to be studied and debated by scholars and philosophers around the world.