Philip II, also known as Philip Augustus, was a King of France who reigned from 1180 to 1223. He was known for his expansion of the French monarchy's power and for his successful military campaigns, including the conquest of Normandy and the Third Crusade. Philip II was also a shrewd diplomat and administrator, and he played a key role in the development of the French royal bureaucracy. He is often considered one of the most important medieval French monarchs and is remembered for his significant contributions to the growth and consolidation of the French kingdom.